11/15/2023 0 Comments Different types of moods in musicHowever, it remains uncertain if individuals who are more anxious or depressed use music that reflects their affective state, for example, angry or sad music, to purge these emotions and feel better or if listening to this music leads to stronger feelings of anxiety or depression. This subscale is also associated with symptoms of depression and anxiety. Interestingly, the Discharge subscale, which refers to selecting music that reflects one’s current negative affective state in order to release or purge these feelings, is not positively correlated with reappraisal. Several of the subcomponents of the scale are associated with general emotion regulation strategies, such as reappraisal, and it has been shown that using music to reappraise leads to increased psychological well-being. The Brief Music in Mood Regulation Scale (B-MMR) was created in 2012 to capture these various regulatory strategies, which includes seven subscales that cover multiple ways in which music may impact mood by both maintaining and enhancing positive moods as well as dealing with negative moods. īecause of its emotional potency, music is often recognized as an effective tool for affect regulation, i.e., the process of changing the incidence, duration, and/or intensity of an affective state. Notably, music may also produce or enhance negative affective states, and the degree to which individuals engage with music in a way that lowers well-being may be an indicator of proneness to mood disorders, such as depression. Music can also alter affective states through reconnecting individuals to past memories, providing feelings of social comfort, by connecting one’s emotions to those of the performer, or through focusing on internal physical signals (for example, through entrainment to a musical beat). There are several mechanisms by which music-listening can alter one’s affective states: by relaxing us, strengthening emotional experiences, facilitating contemplation of emotional states, distracting us from a negative mood, or by allowing us to purge negative emotions. Indeed, its emotional potency is consistently cited as one of the main reasons that people across demographic groups listen to music. Īnother way in which music listening can impact well-being is through its ability to induce strong emotions. Music may also alleviate symptoms related to major psychological and mental disorders by helping people cope with negative affective states and to balance their mood. Music-listening can be beneficial for health and well-being across the lifespan, and listening to music reduces self-reported feelings of anxiety, and physiological measures of stress. These anecdotes suggest that across cultures, music listening helped people cope with the stress, uncertainty, and despair that stemmed from the pandemic. When Italian tenor Andrea Bocelli performed a solo Easter concert from an empty Milan Cathedral, the broadcast was viewed 35 million times. Videos of apartment block performances, synchronous nightly cheering, and collective sing-a-longs from all over the world were shared widely across the internet. Communities around the world sought innovative ways to cope with growing anxiety, uncertainty, boredom, and social isolation. In March 2020, the COVID-19 outbreak forced people across the globe into quarantine. Our findings highlight the universality of music’s affective potency and its ability to help people manage an unprecedented life stressor. While people with stronger symptoms of depression and anxiety used music differently, the end result was still a positive change in affect. We found a positive relationship between the use of music listening for affect regulation and current well-being, particularly for participants from India. During the first month of the spread of the COVID pandemic, we used an online survey to test if people from four different countries used music to manage their emotions during quarantine and if the functions of music depended on empathy, anxiety, depression, or country of residence. The COVID-19 pandemic provides a unique opportunity to study how music is used to cope with stress, loss, and unease across the world. However, it is unclear how differences in disposition and personality can impact music’s affective benefits in response to acute and major real-world stressful events. Music listening can be an effective strategy for regulating affect, leading to positive well-being.
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